Renewable energy sources are gaining increasing significance in the global pursuit of sustainable development. Among these, biodiesel stands out as a promising alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Biodiesel is typically produced from vegetable oils through a process known as transesterification, which yields fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Th

The pressing need for reliable energy storage systems has motivated significant research into novel battery materials. Traditional lithium-ion batteries, while effective, face challenges in terms of performance. Researchers are now exploring a wide spectrum of innovative materials, including sodium-ion batteries, to improve battery efficiency. Thes